kernel/git/stable/linux.git/fs/ext4/ext4.h, branch master

Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus-7.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4

2026-08-20T20:17:11+00:00

Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o: - Improve performance by allowing parallel DIO writes when we were previously being overly conservative when checking whether it was safe to avoid requiring an exclusive lock - Improve the performance of ext4_mb_prefetch() used by fallocate() by avoiding work when it is not needed - Remove the unnecessary custom end_io function ext4_end_buffer_io_sync() - Improve performance when performing an overwrite to an already uptodate folio - Clean up how we handle deallocating EA inodes to avoid a potential lock ordering issue when there is a failed mount while an EA inode is still being evicted - Use str_plural() instead of a custom macro - Avoid soft lockups or RCU stalls if there are many busy buffers (caused by heavy I/O) while checkpointing - Use scoped NOFS when starting a handle in nojournal mode - Align fields in handle structure to optimize setting and getting the h_type and h_line_no fields - Fix documentation of the meta_bg block group layout - Bug fixes: - Fix a potential out-of-bounds read in ext4_read_inline_dir() - Fix a potential deadlock when concurrent xattr operations are racing with each other when some of the xattrs are using the ea_inode feature - Fix a spurious warning with data=journal that can be triggered when writeback races with remounting the file system read-only - Fix a potential deadlock when EXT4_IOC_MIGRATE races with a file system freeze operation - Make sure all in-flight direct I/O operations are complete before falling back to buffered I/O - Handle IOCB_NOWAIT properly when performing a extending DAX write - Prevent potentially sleeping on a block allocation when IOCB_NOWAIT is set - Fix potential races when racing an inline data write with a page fault - Propagate errors when adding or removing extent ranges during a fast commit replay - Avoid trying to expand an inode's extra size when it is being evicted to avoid a number of corner case or deadlocks - Avoid spurious error when retrying inode extra size expansion - Fix corner cases where we underestimate the number of journal credits needed - Avoid hangs/crashes/WARNINGS caused by maliciously corrupted file systems - Don't issue spurious orphan clean message on RO file systems - Avoid leaving the file system in an inconsistent state after a crash when a WRITE_ZEROS in progress converting an unwritten extent to a written extent - Handle WRITE_ZEROS correctly when there are some partially dirtied regions in the page cache - Pass errors during zero-rage, truncate, or punch hole to the caller if ext4_get_block() fails - Wait for writeback to finish when triggered by zero-range or zero-range for those devices that require stable writes - If the reserved gid superblock field is set, set the reserved gid instead of the reserved uid * tag 'ext4_for_linus-7.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (56 commits) ext4: fix estimate extent index blocks in ext4_ext_index_trans_blocks() ext4: fix transaction overflow during writeback ext4: teach ext4_meta_trans_blocks() about number of allocated extents ext4: guard against NULL s_group_info in ext4_get_group_info ext4: fix spurious message about orphan cleanup on RO fs ext4: stop retrying saturated xattr cache entries ext4: don't enable DAX on new encrypted files ext4: protect WRITE_ZEROES written extents with orphan list ext4: export converted block count from ext4_convert_unwritten_extents() ext4: fix incorrect function call when initializing s_resgid ext4: validate EA inode i_nlink in ext4_xattr_inode_iget jbd2: align h_type and h_line_no in the handle structure on byte boundaries ext4: enable scoped NOFS when starting a handle in nojournal mode ext4: write back partial-zeroed edges in WRITE_ZEROES ext4: zero out whole block for clean edges in WRITE_ZEROES ext4: track partial-zero outcome per edge in ext4_zero_partial_blocks() ext4: clarify return semantics of ext4_load_tail_bh() ext4: move partial block zeroing earlier in ext4_zero_range() ext4: check return value of ext4_get_block() in ext4_load_tail_bh() ext4: skip tail block zeroing for inline data files ...

Merge tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/linux

2026-08-18T02:04:16+00:00

Pull fscrypt updates from Eric Biggers: "The main change this cycle is a significant simplification that's been overdue for a while now: standardizing on a single file contents encryption implementation in ext4 and f2fs, instead of having two. Specifically, the original filesystem-layer file contents encryption implementation is removed, and the blk-crypto implementation is now used unconditionally. blk-crypto delegates either to inline crypto hardware or to the CPU via blk-crypto-fallback. The latter is functionally equivalent to the original filesystem-layer code. The blk-crypto implementation already existed, but previously it was used only when the filesystem was mounted with "-o inlinecrypt". Now, "-o inlinecrypt" just selects whether inline crypto hardware is used. To allow maintaining that user control over hardware use, the blk-crypto API is extended with a new flag BLK_CRYPTO_CFG_ALLOW_HW. Overall, this removes quite a bit of redundant code from ext4, f2fs, and fs/crypto/. It should make things easier for ongoing filesystem efforts such as iomap support, large folios, and btrfs encryption (btrfs had already been planning to use blk-crypto exclusively.) There are two small behavior changes of note: - Direct I/O now works on encrypted files even without "-o inlinecrypt", rather than falling back to buffered I/O. This is effectively a bugfix, though I'll continue to keep an eye out for any user that may have been depending on the buffered I/O fallback. - IV_INO_LBLK_32 policies are no longer supported in certain cases that didn't make sense and have no known uses. This has been in linux-next since July 22 with no reported issues. All encryption xfstests pass on ext4 and f2fs. As usual I've also been using it on a system with an fscrypt-encrypted home directory. Of course, the blk-crypto code paths also aren't new and were already being used on many systems via the inlinecrypt mount option. In addition to the main change described above, there are a few other cleanups such as using lock guards for mutexes, improving documentation, and removing a workaround for outdated gcc versions" * tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/linux: (29 commits) blk-crypto: Update docs for blk-crypto-fallback motivation blk-crypto: Remove unused function blk_crypto_config_supported() fscrypt: Update docs for data path fscrypt: Remove unused function fscrypt_finalize_bounce_page() f2fs: Update outdated comment in f2fs_write_begin() fs: Update outdated comment for SB_INLINECRYPT fscrypt: Update encryption policy version docs fscrypt: Replace some variable-size memsets with fixed-size fscrypt: Add safety checks to non-block-based en/decryption fscrypt: Merge bio.c and inline_crypt.c into block.c fscrypt: Remove unused functions and workqueue fscrypt: Remove fs-layer zeroout code fscrypt: Remove fscrypt_dio_supported() fscrypt: Replace calls to fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto() fs/buffer: Remove fs-layer decryption code f2fs: Remove fs-layer file contents en/decryption code ext4: Further de-generalize the bio postprocessing code ext4: Make ext4_bio_write_folio() return void ext4: Remove fs-layer file contents en/decryption code Documentation: fscrypt: Update docs for inlinecrypt ...

Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.sync' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs

2026-08-17T21:21:00+00:00

Pull vfs writeback updates from Christian Brauner: "This makes sync_inode_metadata() and writeback_single_inode() persist not only the inode but all metadata associated with it. A new .sync_inode_metadata superblock operation is called from __writeback_single_inode(). Alongside it a new I_METADATA_WRITEBACK state flag is added. Filesystems no longer need their own mmb_fsync() implementations and can just use simple_fsync(). All metadata is now written for IS_SYNC and IS_DIRSYNC inodes. Races where several fsyncs raced and mmb_sync() could return before all buffers were really persisted are fixed since I_SYNC now serializes properly. The I_METADATA_WRITEBACK scheme also fixes the case where a WB_SYNC_NONE writeback landing between write(2) and fsync(2) left fsync(2) failing to persist the inode. That problem is not specific to filesystems using the generic metadata bh tracking, and the ones that do not are left alone. ext2, udf, bfs, minix, fat and ext4 in nojournal mode have their data integrity writeout fixed and are converted. affs drops metadata bh tracking and mmb_fsync() is removed. A few other fixes came out of this: - a UAF in mark_buffer_write_io_error() - missed inode writeback when racing with __writeback_single_inode() - ext4 allocating the mapping_metadata_bhs struct on demand - three fat fixes: a lost inode update in do_msdos_rename() with DIRSYNC, inode buffer write errors not propagating out of fat_sync_inode_metadata() and directory entries not being persisted on fsync(2) of the root directory" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.sync' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (24 commits) writeback: Export __inode_attach_wb() fat: Fix persisting directory entries on fsync(2) of the root directory fat: Propagate inode buffer write errors from fat_sync_inode_metadata() fat: Fix lost inode update in do_msdos_rename() with DIRSYNC vfs: Remove mmb_fsync() fat: Replace fat_sync_inode() with sync_inode_metadata() fat: Fix missed inode writeback during fsync(2) ext4: Fix data integrity writeout issues in nojournal mode minix: Fix data integrity writeout issues bfs: Fix data integrity writeout issues udf: Fold udf_update_inode() into udf_write_inode() udf: Use sync_inode_metadata() in udf_evict_inode() udf: Drop udf_sync_inode() udf: Use sync_inode_metadata() to writeout IS_SYNC inode udf: Fix data integrity writeout issues ext2: Fix data integrity writeout issues ext2: Avoid unnecessary inode buffer writeback for sync(2) ext2: Drop __ext2_write_inode() ext2: Fix lost inode updates for IS_SYNC inodes fs: Provide way for filesystem to wait for metadata writeback ...

ext4: teach ext4_meta_trans_blocks() about number of allocated extents

2026-08-07T02:52:23+00:00

So far ext4_meta_trans_blocks() expects that each extent counted in @pextents will be allocated in the transaction we estimate credits for. This is correct for the use in ext4_chunk_trans_blocks() and ext4_chunk_trans_extent() however the use in atomic write path (ext4_convert_unwritten_extents_atomic() and ext4_iomap_alloc() for IOMAP_ATOMIC) unnecessarily overestimates the number of necessary credits as neither of them allocates any data. Add argument to ext4_meta_trans_blocks() for number of extents that are going to be allocated in the transaction. Signed-off-by: Jan Kara Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805153605.166545-4-jack@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

iomap: decouple simple direct I/O reads from iomap_dio_rw

2026-07-31T10:28:49+00:00

The pending iomap_iter_next conversion creates performance issues for the new simple direct I/O read fast path, because it assumes a model where the iterator must be advanced at the end, which the direct I/O read fast path tries to avoid. Side step this by splitting the simple path from iomap_dio_rw, and require the file systems to call into it explicitly, and pass only a ->begin callback. This allows to drop various checks for incompatible features while creating a requirement for the file system to only call the simple path for cases that it can handle. As a side-benefit we can now inline the initial part of the simple direct I/O read fast path and let the compiler convert the indirect call to ->begin into a direct call. Reviewed-by: "Darrick J. Wong" Reviewed-by: Fengnan Chang Reviewed-by: Joanne Koong Signed-off-by: Joanne Koong Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260729192737.3190206-4-joannelkoong@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable)

ext4: export converted block count from ext4_convert_unwritten_extents()

2026-07-30T14:57:13+00:00

ext4_convert_unwritten_extents() currently returns only a success or a failure indication. A zero return means all requested blocks were converted, and a negative value means the conversion failed. However, some blocks may have already been converted when the function fails partway through, and callers have no way to learn how many were done. The WRITE_ZEROES caller in ext4_alloc_file_blocks() needs this information to decide whether to add the inode to the orphan list before updating i_disksize to cover the already-converted written extents, so that a crash before i_disksize catches up can be recovered via orphan truncation. Switch the function to pass out the number of converted blocks through the new output parameter @converted, which will be used by later patches. Signed-off-by: Zhang Yi Reviewed-by: Jan Kara Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260729085918.3336221-2-yi.zhang@huaweicloud.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

ext4: Fix data integrity writeout issues in nojournal mode

2026-07-27T14:25:33+00:00

Several racing fsyncs on ext4 in nojournal mode could result in some fsync returning earlier than all metadata buffers were properly persisted. Also ext4_fsync() in nojournal mode was somewhat inefficient because it was always writing out the inode regardless whether it was dirty or not. Fix these issues by using new .sync_inode_metadata method which makes sure all inode related metadata is written to disk during any WB_SYNC_ALL writeback in nojournal mode. This also somewhat simplifies the nojournal mode fsync handling. Signed-off-by: Jan Kara Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260727104923.3828017-37-jack@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable)

ext4: Allocate mapping_metadata_bhs struct on demand

2026-07-27T14:25:31+00:00

Currently every ext4 inode gets mapping_metadata_bhs struct although it is only needed when running without a journal and only for inodes where any metadata was dirtied. Allocate mapping_metadata_bhs struct on demand when dirtying the first metadata buffer for the inode. Acked-by: Theodore Ts'o Signed-off-by: Jan Kara Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260727104923.3828017-24-jack@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable)

ext4: track partial-zero outcome per edge in ext4_zero_partial_blocks()

2026-07-22T16:57:16+00:00

Replace the single bool did_zero output of ext4_zero_partial_blocks() with a bitmask that records which edge (start, end, or both in the single-block case) was actually partial-zeroed. This allows callers to distinguish which edges have been zeroed, preparing for unaligned FALLOC_FL_WRITE_ZEROES handling in later patches. Signed-off-by: Zhang Yi Reviewed-by: Jan Kara Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260714080044.4038124-7-yi.zhang@huaweicloud.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

ext4: introduce ext4_put_ea_inode() for safe deferred iput

2026-07-22T16:27:43+00:00

Calling iput() on EA inodes while holding xattr_sem or a jbd2 handle can trigger write_inode_now() -> ext4_writepages() -> s_writepages_rwsem, creating a lock ordering issue during mount (!SB_ACTIVE). Add ext4_put_ea_inode() which uses iput_if_not_last() as a fast path. If this is not the last reference, it is dropped immediately. If this is the last reference, the inode is linked onto a per-sb lock-free llist via i_ea_iput_node (embedded in ext4_inode_info, sharing space with the unused xattr_sem of EA inodes via a union) and a delayed worker (1 jiffie) performs the final iput() in a clean context. This avoids per-iput memory allocation. Flush points ensure all pending EA inode evictions complete before dependent resources become unavailable: - ext4_put_super / failed_mount9: before quota shutdown - failed_mount_wq: before freeing xattr caches - failed_mount3a: before freeing shrinker (journal replay case) - ext4_sync_fs: before remount-ro, freeze, or sync completes Initialization is placed before journal loading since fast commit replay may trigger evictions that call ext4_put_ea_inode(). Also moves init_rwsem(xattr_sem) from init_once to ext4_alloc_inode to handle slab object reuse after the union field has been overwritten. Signed-off-by: Yun Zhou Suggested-by: Jan Kara Reviewed-by: Jan Kara Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260710030851.2791589-3-yun.zhou@windriver.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o