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2026-08-03selftests/bpf: Test __szk precision with a NULL nullable bufferAmery Hung
When a nullable buffer is passed as NULL, check_mem_size_reg() is skipped, so the __szk memory size must be marked precise through the scalar argument path instead. Exercise this with bpf_dynptr_slice() and a NULL buffer. Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <ameryhung@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260801074633.1595644-12-ameryhung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-08-03bpf: Rename ARG_CONST_SIZE{,_OR_ZERO} to ARG_MEM_SIZE{,_OR_ZERO}Amery Hung
ARG_CONST_SIZE does not require a constant: check_mem_size_reg() accepts any bounded scalar and verifies the memory access against its maximum (reg_umax). Rename ARG_CONST_SIZE and ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO to ARG_MEM_SIZE and ARG_MEM_SIZE_OR_ZERO to reflect that. ARG_CONST_ALLOC_ SIZE_OR_ZERO, which does require a constant, is left unchanged. Pure rename, no functional change. Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <ameryhung@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260801074633.1595644-10-ameryhung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-08-03selftests/bpf: Test map lookup result refinementAmery Hung
A map-of-maps lookup value is refined to a map pointer (map_ptr_or_null) at lookup time by refine_map_lookup_value(). Test that it is rejected wherever a raw map value would be read as bytes, so the inner map descriptor cannot leak. Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <ameryhung@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260801074633.1595644-8-ameryhung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-08-03bpf: Resolve map lookup result type at lookup timeEduard Zingerman
bpf_map_lookup_elem() is typed to return PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE for every map, but for some map kinds the looked up value is actually a different object: an inner map, a socket or an xsk socket. Until now this reinterpretation happened once the pointer was converted from its NULL-able form to a concrete value. Such reinterpretation logic placement led to mark_ptr_not_null_reg() being called for a temporary register copy in check_mem_reg() and check_kfunc_mem_size_reg() (check_mem_size_reg() was buggy because of not calling it). The temporary copy was necessary to pass reinterpreted parameters as nullable helper and kfunc arguments. Avoid this complication by refining map lookup result type right away. The test case verifier_map_in_map/on_the_inner_map_pointer needs an update because the verifier now prints a concrete NULL-able type for the lookup. Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <ameryhung@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260801074633.1595644-6-ameryhung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-08-02selftests/cgroup: add user_usec sanity check in test_cpucg_niceShaojie Sun
In test_cpucg_nice, after the child process exits, user_usec is read from cpu.stat but the value is not checked. Add a sanity check to ensure user_usec > 0, analogous to test_cpucg_stats(), so that the test fails early if CPU usage wasn't properly accounted. Signed-off-by: Shaojie Sun <sunshaojie@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Acked-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-02perf build: Fix a build error on 32-bit x86Namhyung Kim
The commit d7507a94a072 ("KVM: SVM: Treat exit_code as an unsigned 64-bit value through all of KVM") added "ull" suffix to SVM exit codes and it makes the 32-bit build fail like below. In file included from util/kvm-stat-arch/kvm-stat-x86.c:4: util/kvm-stat-arch/../../../arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/svm.h:137:32: error: conversion from 'long long unsigned int' to 'long unsigned int' changes value from '18446744073709551615' to '4294967295' [-Werror=overflow] 137 | #define SVM_EXIT_ERR -1ull | ^ util/kvm-stat-arch/../kvm-stat.h:131:17: note: in definition of macro 'define_exit_reasons_table' 131 | symbols, { -1, NULL } \ | ^~~~~~~ util/kvm-stat-arch/../../../arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/svm.h:249:11: note: in expansion of macro 'SVM_EXIT_ERR' 249 | { SVM_EXIT_ERR, "invalid_guest_state" } | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ util/kvm-stat-arch/kvm-stat-x86.c:12:45: note: in expansion of macro 'SVM_EXIT_REASONS' 12 | define_exit_reasons_table(svm_exit_reasons, SVM_EXIT_REASONS); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ As the exit_code was unsigned long, the compiler complained about the truncation. Let's convert it to u64 to suppress the error. Fixes: fac520e43a60 ("tools headers: Sync KVM headers with the kernel sources") Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-02perf symbols: Skip dynamic symbols with invalid section indexesZhanpeng Zhang
RISC-V post-link processing can remove relocation sections from the final vmlinux while some .dynsym entries retain stale section indexes. perf aborts the whole ELF symbol load when elf_getscn() rejects one of them, discarding otherwise valid .symtab symbols. Skip only dynamic symbols whose normal section index is outside the final section table. Keep the existing error path for .symtab, reserved indexes, and other libelf failures. On an affected system, the vmlinux symtab matches kallsyms test changes from Skip to Ok. [unknown] rows in the same perf.data change from 41 to 0. Signed-off-by: Zhanpeng Zhang <zhangzhanpeng.jasper@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-02kselftest/arm64: Don't write to P0 in irritator on SME only systemsMark Brown
Commit 3e360ef0c0a1f ("kselftest/arm64: Corrupt P0 in the irritator when testing SSVE") added corruption of P0 to the sve-test case in order to ensure that the predicate registers were covered as part of the corruption. On SME only systems this results in an illegal instruction since signal handlers are run out of streaming mode and the predicate registers do not exist out of streaming mode without SVE. Switch to entering and exiting streaming mode in the irritator, this will reset all relevant registers to 0 if they somehow weren't already by the signal entry. Fixes: 3e360ef0c0a1f ("kselftest/arm64: Corrupt P0 in the irritator when testing SSVE") Reported-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2026-08-02kselftest/arm64: Add testcase for SECCOMP_RET_TRACE orig_x0 bypassJinjie Ruan
Add a selftest that verifies the kernel re-evaluates a seccomp filter with the correct (ptrace-modified) first argument after a SECCOMP_RET_TRACE stop. On arm64, syscall_get_arguments() reads the first argument from orig_x0, which may be stale if the tracer modified regs->regs[0] but orig_x0 was not synced. This can cause the filter to see an old argument and incorrectly allow a syscall that it should have rejected. The child installs a filter that: - TRACEs write() when fd == 2 - returns ERRNO(EPERM) when fd == 1 The parent catches the SECCOMP event, changes x0 (fd) from 2 to 1, and resumes the child. If the seccomp re-evaluation sees the stale orig_x0 (fd=2) the filter returns TRACE again and the kernel (with recheck_after_trace=true) allows the syscall to proceed – write succeeds and the child exits 0. If the seccomp re-evaluation sees the new value (fd=1) the filter returns ERRNO(EPERM), write fails and the child exits non-zero. The test passes only when the write fails (child exit != 0). Before the fix: # ./seccomp_ret_trace_x0_bypass TAP version 13 1..1 not ok 1 write succeeded, orig_x0 bypass likely # Totals: pass:0 fail:1 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 After the fix: # ./seccomp_ret_trace_x0_bypass TAP version 13 1..1 ok 1 seccomp correctly denied modified syscall # Totals: pass:1 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 Cc: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260717182758.17111-1-will@kernel.org/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260716120640.6590-1-will@kernel.org/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/202607152004.DEA95D63@keescook/ Suggested-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2026-08-02kselftest/arm64: Add seccomp ptrace x0 bypass testJinjie Ruan
As Kees suggested, add a test that verifies that seccomp observes the correct first argument after a ptracer modifies x0 at a syscall-enter-stop on arm64. The first syscall argument and the return value share register x0. The original value is saved in orig_x0 on entry and used by syscall_get_arguments(), but ptrace changes to x0 were not automatically reflected there. This test checks the kernel re-syncs orig_x0 after a ptrace stop so that seccomp sees the modified argument. A seccomp filter allows write(2,...) and kills the task for any other fd. The tracer changes fd from 2 to 1 at entry. If orig_x0 remains stale, the child exits normally (bypass, test fails). If orig_x0 is correctly updated, the child is killed by SIGSYS (test passes). Before the fix: ./seccomp_ptrace_x0_bypass TAP version 13 1..1 not ok 1 seccomp_ptrace_x0_bypass # Totals: pass:0 fail:1 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 After the fix: # ./seccomp_ptrace_x0_bypass TAP version 13 1..1 [ 19.475951] audit: type=1326 audit(1784254846.284:2): auid=4294967295 uid=0 gid=0 ses=4294967295 pid=227 comm="seccomp_ptrace_" exe="/mnt/seccomp0 [ 19.477852] audit: type=1701 audit(1784254846.284:3): auid=4294967295 uid=0 gid=0 ses=4294967295 pid=227 comm="seccomp_ptrace_" exe="/mnt/seccomp1 ok 1 seccomp_ptrace_x0_bypass # Totals: pass:1 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 Cc: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260716120640.6590-1-will@kernel.org/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/202607152004.DEA95D63@keescook/ Suggested-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2026-08-02kselftest/arm64: fp-ptrace: Fix checks for inactive SVE and SSVE regsetsKarl Mehltretter
The checks on the header size reported for the inactive regset of the NT_ARM_SVE/NT_ARM_SSVE pair compare it against sizeof(sve), but sve is a struct user_sve_header *, so this is 8 rather than the intended 16. The kernel carried the identical typo when filling in the header, so kernel and test agreed on the wrong value and the test passed. Compare against sizeof(*sve), stop after the header checks for an inactive regset since it has no payload to compare, and prefill the buffer with a sentinel to verify that reading an inactive regset leaves everything after the header untouched. This also covers the getter's return value, which determines how many bytes ptrace copies back to userspace. Fixes: 864f3ddcd715 ("kselftest/arm64: fp-ptrace: Adjust to new inactive mode behaviour") Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-5 Signed-off-by: Karl Mehltretter <kmehltretter@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2026-08-02tools/nolibc: add support for AlphaThomas Weißschuh
A straightforward new architecture. Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net> Acked-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Tested-by: Michael Cree <mcree@orcon.net.nz> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260722-nolibc-alpha-v2-1-4970e48eb7bf@weissschuh.net
2026-08-01selftests/bpf: Add tests for >8 byte return value and 128-bit argumentsYonghong Song
The BPF trampoline preserves only 8 bytes of the target's return value (R0), so attaching an fexit/fmod_ret/fsession program to a function that returns a >8 byte value is now rejected by the verifier. Add a bpf_testmod function returning __int128 and an fexit program that targets it. The program is expected to fail to load with the "with a >8 byte return value is not supported for this attach type" message. A 128-bit __int128 argument is passed in a register pair and occupies two trampoline context slots. Add a bpf_testmod function taking a leading __int128 argument followed by an int and a long, and an fexit program that reads those two trailing arguments and the return value, verifying that the trampoline reserves enough stack for the 128-bit argument and places the following arguments and the return value at the right context slots. __int128 is only available on 64-bit targets (where the compiler defines __SIZEOF_INT128__). The argument test additionally depends on the calling convention: x86_64 and arm64 pass an __int128 in a register pair as the trampoline expects, while other architectures pass it differently (e.g. s390x passes larger arguments by reference), so that subtest runs only on x86_64 and arm64 and is skipped elsewhere. Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev> Acked-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260729050209.2587581-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-07-31perf machine: Check snprintf truncation for guest kallsyms pathArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
machines__create_guest_kernel_maps() builds the guest kallsyms path with snprintf() without checking the return value. A truncated path could pass the access() check if a prefix directory happens to contain a file named "kallsyms", leading to the wrong file being used for symbol resolution. Check for truncation and skip the directory. Fixes: a1645ce12adb ("perf: 'perf kvm' tool for monitoring guest performance from host") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Zhang, Yanmin <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Free scandir entries in guest kernel map creationArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
machines__create_guest_kernel_maps() calls scandir() which allocates both the namelist array and each individual dirent entry. The code frees the namelist array but not the individual entries, leaking memory proportional to the number of directories under guestmount. Free each namelist[i] after it is no longer needed. Fixes: a1645ce12adb ("perf: 'perf kvm' tool for monitoring guest performance from host") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Zhang, Yanmin <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Reset errno before strtol in guest kernel map creationArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
machines__create_guest_kernel_maps() checks errno == ERANGE after strtol() to detect overflow, but does not clear errno first. A stale ERANGE from an earlier library call (e.g. scandir internals) causes valid numeric directory names to be incorrectly skipped. Set errno = 0 before strtol() so only the current conversion can trigger the ERANGE check. Fixes: a1645ce12adb ("perf: 'perf kvm' tool for monitoring guest performance from host") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Zhang, Yanmin <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Don't abort guest map creation on first inaccessible dirArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
machines__create_guest_kernel_maps() jumps to the failure label when one guest directory's kallsyms file fails access(), skipping all remaining valid guest directories. An inaccessible directory is not fatal — other guests may still be reachable. Replace 'goto failure' with 'continue' so the loop processes all directories, and remove the now-unreferenced failure label. Fixes: a1645ce12adb ("perf: 'perf kvm' tool for monitoring guest performance from host") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Zhang, Yanmin <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Check snprintf truncation in machines__findnew()Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
The guestmount path is built with snprintf() into a PATH_MAX buffer without checking the return value. If symbol_conf.guestmount is long enough to cause truncation, the truncated path could match a different directory, causing the wrong guest to be associated with the pid. Check for truncation and bail out early. Fixes: a1645ce12adb ("perf: 'perf kvm' tool for monitoring guest performance from host") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Zhang, Yanmin <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Guard against NULL strlist in machines__findnew()Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
The static 'seen' strlist caches guestmount paths that have already been reported as inaccessible, to avoid repeating the error message. If strlist__new() fails (OOM), 'seen' stays NULL and the next call dereferences it via strlist__has_entry() and strlist__add(). Guard both calls so that on allocation failure the error message is still printed (just not deduplicated) instead of crashing. Fixes: c80c3c269011 ("perf kvm: Limit repetitive guestmount message to once per directory") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Fix NULL parent dereference in fork event processingArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
machine__process_fork_event() calls machine__findnew_thread() for the parent thread, which can return NULL on allocation failure. The code then dereferences parent via thread__pid(parent) without a NULL check when validating whether the parent PID matches. The later NULL check at thread__fork() does not prevent this earlier dereference. Add a NULL guard before accessing the parent thread. Fixes: 5cb73340d92a ("perf tools: Make fork event processing more resilient") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf machine: Fix fd leak on bounds check in maps__set_modules_path_dir()Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
The bounds check for root_len >= path_size returns -1 directly without closing the directory fd opened by io_dir__init() a few lines above. Jump to the out label instead, which calls close(iod.dirfd). Fixes: e7af1946818b ("perf machine: Reuse module path buffer") Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf hisi-ptt: Fix spelling and abbreviation errorsSizhe Liu
Fix spelling and abbreviation errors in the PTT packet decoder: - HISI_PTT_FIELD_LENTH -> HISI_PTT_FIELD_LENGTH - hisi_ptt_8dw_kpt_desc -> hisi_ptt_8dw_pkt_desc - hisi_ptt_4dw_kpt_desc -> hisi_ptt_4dw_pkt_desc Reviewed-by: James Clark <james.clark@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Sizhe Liu <liusizhe5@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf hisi-ptt: Strengthen auxtrace event handling and packet type detectionSizhe Liu
Fix pre-existing robustness issues in the hisi-ptt auxtrace decoder reported by Sashiko: 1. Endianness in hisi_ptt_check_packet_type(): The first 32-bit word was read with a host-endian memory cast (*(uint32_t *)buf). On big-endian hosts analyzing a little-endian trace, the bit[31:11] 8DW magic check fails and every 8DW packet is misclassified as 4DW. Read the header with get_unaligned_le32(). 2. Heap out-of-bounds read: hisi_ptt_dump() called hisi_ptt_check_packet_type() which dereferenced 4 bytes of the buffer without any size check. A malformed or truncated event with auxtrace.size in {0,1,2,3} may cause a heap OOB read. Pass the buffer length to hisi_ptt_check_packet_type() and return (defaulting to 4DW) when the buffer is shorter than HISI_PTT_FIELD_LENTH. 3. Integer truncation: event->auxtrace.size is __u64 but was stored in an int. Traces larger than 2GB became negative (malloc failure), and huge sizes wrapping to a small positive caused a short readn() that left unread payload in the pipe and permanently desynchronized the stream. Use u64 for the size, reject anything larger than SSIZE_MAX before malloc (same bound used by auxtrace_copy_data()), and compare readn()'s return value against (ssize_t)size to detect truncation. Signed-off-by: Sizhe Liu <liusizhe5@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf hisi-ptt: Fix PTT trace TLP header parsingSizhe Liu
TLP Headers traced by HiSilicon PCIe tune and trace device (PTT) in 4DW format are shown in the document as below: bits [31:30] [ 29:25 ][24][23][22][21][ 20:11 ][ 10:0 ] |-----|---------|---|---|---|---|-------------|-------------| DW0 [ Fmt ][ Type ][T9][T8][TH][SO][ Length ][ Time ] DW1 [ Header DW1 ] DW2 [ Header DW2 ] DW3 [ Header DW3 ] Problem: The DW0 bit field layout of the hisi_ptt_4dw union does not match the actual bit ordering in little-endian memory, causing incorrect field decoding. Test on Kunpeng 930 SOC, generating data flow with `iperf` commands: - server side: iperf -s - client side: iperf -c $ip_addr -t 30 Trace the TLP headers with hisi_ptt on server side at the same time: perf record -e hisi_ptt12_0/type=4,filter=0x05101,direction=2,format=0/ \ --max-size 50M -o perf.data & The trace aims to capture completion TLPs, learn more in the document: https://docs.kernel.org/trace/hisi-ptt.html Decode perf.data with hisi_ptt decoder: perf report -D The hisi_ptt decoder produces the following result: [...perf headers and other information] . ... HISI PTT data: size 8388608 bytes . 00000000: 68 87 20 94 Format 3 Type 1a T9 0 T8 1 TH 1 SO 1 Length 10 Time 4a1 . 00000004: 40 00 00 00 Header DW1 . 00000008: 40 00 01 51 Header DW2 . 0000000c: 00 00 00 00 Header DW3 [...other hisi_ptt TLP headers] According to PCIe r5.0 sec 2.2.1, the Fmt & Type of Cpl/CplD is supposed to be 8b'00001010' / 8b'01001010' However, the Format & Type decoder analyzing result is 8b'01111010'. It does not match field encodings of any TLP. Correct decoder result should be: [...perf headers and other information] . ... HISI PTT data: size 8388608 bytes . 00000000: 94 20 87 68 Format 2 Type a T9 0 T8 0 TH 0 SO 1 Length 10 Time 768 . 00000004: 00 00 00 40 Header DW1 . 00000008: 51 01 00 40 Header DW2 . 0000000c: 00 00 00 00 Header DW3 [...other hisi_ptt TLP headers] To solve the problem: 1. Drop the union and C bitfield struct, store the raw DW value in a plain uint32_t, and extract the fields with FIELD_GET() against GENMASK/BIT masks declared in the header so they can be reused by other translation units. The masks are portable across endianness and compilers. 2. Print all DW hex values in big-endian byte order for readability, matching the bit field layout shown in the 4DW format diagram. 3. Read the DW value with get_unaligned_le32() instead of an unaligned pointer cast, avoiding both strict-aliasing violations and alignment hazards on hosts that do not support unaligned access. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 5e91e57e6809 ("perf auxtrace arm64: Add support for parsing HiSilicon PCIe Trace packet") Reviewed-by: James Clark <james.clark@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Sizhe Liu <liusizhe5@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31perf libdw: Fix outer-frame name resolution and spurious "(inlined)" tagMichael Liang
cu_walk_functions_at() calls libdw_a2l_cb() with the containing DW_TAG_subprogram DIE first, then each DW_TAG_inlined_subroutine nested inside. The callback treated both the same way, causing two bugs: 1) die_name() returns the unqualified DW_AT_name, so every C++ frame lost its namespace/class prefix (ns::Class::method collapsed to method). 2) new_inline_sym() re-uses base_sym only when funcname matches base_sym->name exactly; otherwise it fabricates a fake symbol tagged "(inlined)". Any mismatch between the DWARF name and the ELF symbol name mis-tags an outer, non-inline frame as inlined. This hits C++ (die_name()'s unqualified output never matches the demangled ELF symbol) and it also hits C functions that GCC IPA-cloned (foo vs foo.isra.0 / .constprop / .part / .cold), since DW_AT_linkage_name doesn't reflect those renames. Fix both: * Prefer die_get_linkage_name() (mangled, fully qualified), falling back to die_name() when absent (C, extern "C"). new_inline_sym() already demangles via dso__demangle_sym(). * For DW_TAG_subprogram DIEs, use base_sym directly -- the DIE tag already tells us it is the outer function, sidestepping the name comparison entirely for both C++ qualification and GCC IPA-clone renames. Fixes: 88c51002d06f9a68 ("perf addr2line: Add a libdw implementation") Signed-off-by: Michael Liang <mliang@purestorage.com> Reviewed-by: James Clark <james.clark@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Add a test for KVM_CREATE_VM VM type enforcementHemanth Selam
KVM_CAP_VM_TYPES advertises the bitmap of VM types that KVM_CREATE_VM accepts, but nothing verified that the ioctl actually enforces it: that every advertised type can be created and every non-advertised type is rejected. sev_init2_tests carried a TODO for this ("check that unsupported types cannot be created. Probably a separate selftest"), but the check is not specific to SEV or KVM_SEV_INIT2, and not even to x86. Add a standalone test that walks the type space and, for each value, asserts that KVM_CREATE_VM succeeds iff the corresponding bit is set in KVM_CAP_VM_TYPES, and otherwise fails with -EINVAL. The walk extends past bit 31 so that out-of-range type values, which can never be advertised in the u32 bitmap, are also confirmed to be rejected. The test only depends on KVM_CAP_VM_TYPES, so it lives in the common set and is skipped on architectures that don't advertise the capability. Drop the now-addressed TODO from sev_init2_tests.c. Tested on an AMD SEV-SNP capable host. With KVM_CAP_VM_TYPES=0x15 (DEFAULT/SEV/SNP), only the advertised types are created and everything else is rejected: $ strace -e trace=ioctl ./vm_types_test 2>&1 | grep KVM_CREATE_VM ioctl(3, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0) = 4 # DEFAULT ioctl(3, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0x1) = -1 EINVAL # SW_PROTECTED ioctl(3, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0x2) = 4 # SEV ioctl(3, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0x3) = -1 EINVAL # SEV-ES ioctl(3, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0x4) = 4 # SNP ioctl(3, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0x5) = -1 EINVAL # TDX ... 0x6..0x3f all -1 EINVAL ... Reloading kvm_amd with sev_snp=0 drops the bitmap to 0x5 and only types 0 and 2 are then created, confirming the test tracks the advertised set rather than hard-coded types. Signed-off-by: Hemanth Selam <hemanth.selam@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260710050442.826777-1-hemanth.selam@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31perf unwind-libdw: Fix unwinding of multi-threaded processesAlessio Podda
The libdw callback API has two levels: dwfl_getthread_frames() first finds the requested thread using the next_thread() or get_thread() callback and then walks its stack. Since perf only has a snapshot of the stack of a single thread, it provides a stubbed-out API that always returns the pid the Dwfl was attached with (i.e. whatever was passed to dwfl_attach_state()), rather than the actual sampled thread's TID. Commit 6b2658b3f36a ("perf unwind-libdw: Don't discard loaded ELF/DWARF after every unwind") changed libdw unwinding from recreating the Dwfl object for each sample to caching it in struct maps, which is shared by every thread in the process. It left next_thread() unchanged. Since the pid passed to dwfl_attach_state() is only set at creation, only the thread of the first sample is ever found. As a result, dwfl_getthread_frames() fails with ESRCH when asked to unwind a sample from another thread. Make next_thread() return the current sample's TID, provide get_thread() so libdw can find it directly, and pass the process PID expected by dwfl_attach_state(). This allows libdw to unwind samples from every thread in a multi-threaded process. Add a shell regression test that records a four-thread workload and verifies that libdw recovers the worker callchain for every worker TID. Fixes: 6b2658b3f36a ("perf unwind-libdw: Don't discard loaded ELF/DWARF after every unwind") Assisted-by: Codex:gpt-5.6-sol Signed-off-by: Alessio Podda <aleph.pi.gh@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Extend the invalid nVMX guest state test to cover RSMHao Zhang
Extend the invalid nVMX guest state to cover RSM, i.e. to validate that KVM synthesizes SHUTDOWN for L1 if SMRAM is clobbered with invalid guest state during an L2 => SMI => RSM => L2 sequence. Note, unlike the existing testcase, clobbering SMRAM should result in L1, not L2, getting SHUTDOWN / TRIPLE_FAULT, as RSM is architecturally defined to trigger shutdown if the CPU detects invalid state. Signed-off-by: Hao Zhang <hao_zhang_kdev@163.com> Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173340.2644656-7-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Refactor invalid nVMX state test to prepare for RSM testcaseSean Christopherson
In the invalid nVMX guest state test, extract the creation of the VM and initial running of the vCPU to get to L2 into helpers so that the common code can be reused to extend the test to also cover RSM. Eliminate the unnecessary global "vm", and opportunistically free the VM after the testcase as there's zero reason not to. Opportunistically assert that L2 is never resumed after the I/O exit to L1, e.g. to guard against false passes. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173340.2644656-6-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Use port 0x80 in invalid nVMX guest state testSean Christopherson
Use port 0x80 instead of 0x2000 to trigger an L2 => L0 VM-Exit in the nVMX invalid guest state test, so that the test can be expanded to cover RSM in the L2 => SMI => L2 path without having to manually encode a MOV to DX (the immediate form of IN only supports an imm8). Use port 0x80 as it's a well-known port and is used by other tests, e.g. in the coalesced I/O test. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173340.2644656-5-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Add KVM syscall wrappers for pthread_{g,s}etaffinity_np()Sean Christopherson
Add and use KVM wrappers for pthread_{g,s}etaffinity_np() so that selftests don't need to manually assert that the syscalls succeeded, and so that they don't need to manually pass in sizeof(cpu_set_t) for the size. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-12-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Clean up global constants in hardware disable testSean Christopherson
Rename the global constants in the hardware disable test to better capture what they control, and open code the literal number of sleeping tasks and iterations instead of using power-of-2 math to express values that are 100% arbitrary. Opportunistically tag the global semaphore with "static". No functional change intended. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-13-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Add helper APIs to cancel+join pthreadsSean Christopherson
Deduplicate test code that does cancel()+join() on pthreads by adding a collection of syscall wrappers. The tests that asynchronously cancel pthreads, i.e. use PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, are particularly ugly, especially since it's not immediately obvious why those tests assert on the thread being CANCELED, whereas others do not. No functional change intended. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-11-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Add KVM syscall wrappers for pthread_{cancel,join}()Sean Christopherson
Add and use KVM wrappers for pthread_{cancel,join}() so that selftests don't need to manually assert that the syscalls succeeded. Note, the vast majority tests don't actually assert success, but they all obviously rely on the syscall to succeed. Other than explicitly failing if a syscall fails, no functional change intended. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-10-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Add KVM syscall wrapper for pthread_create()Sean Christopherson
Add and use a KVM wrapper for pthread_create() syscall so that selftests don't need to manually assert that the syscall succeeded. Note, most tests don't actually assert success, but they all obviously rely on the syscall to succeed. Other than explicitly failing if pthread_create() fails, no functional change intended. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-9-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Drop unreachable, dead code from hardware disable testSean Christopherson
Drop all of the code that is unreachable in the hardware disable test, as it adds a lot of noise that makes the test seem far more complicated than it actually is. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-8-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Affine threads to random CPUs in hardware disable testSean Christopherson
Affine the worker threads to random CPUs in the hardware disable test, and honor the starting CPU set in the process. Hardcoding to CPUs 0-3 is both wrong and less interesting than running on random CPUs. Opportunistically convert the local 'i' to an int, as the macros it tests against are signed, and using 'i' as an iterator is conventionally declared as an int. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-7-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Extract picking of random CPU from cpu_set_t to separate APISean Christopherson
Extract kvm_pick_random_cpu() out of pin_task_to_random_cpu() so that tests can choose a random CPU without having to immediately pin a task to that CPU. No functional change intended. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-6-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Return the target CPU from pin_task_to_random_cpu()Sean Christopherson
When pinning a task to a random CPU, return which CPU the task was pinned to so that the caller can do things like avoid running other tasks on the target CPU. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-5-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Pre-set threads affinity in hardware disable test when possibleSean Christopherson
When building against a libc that provides pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(), pre-set the grandchildren threads CPU affinity in the hardware disable test to further reduce the perceived latency of pthread_create(). On large NUMA systems, this reduces the average runtime from ~10s to ~5s. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-4-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Set threads CPU affinity before doing work in hardware ↵Sean Christopherson
disable test Affine worker threads to their target pCPU set *before* doing any work in the hardware disable test. When running a preemptible kernel on a NUMA system with a large number of CPUs (100+ of CPUs), waiting to set the affinity of the grandchildren until after the grandchild is fully spun up results in total test runtimes of over a minute, presumably due to cross-node NUMA penalties and scheduler lock contention. E.g. from the perspective of the caller, when waiting to affine the tasks, pthread_create() takes ~100x longer. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-3-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Add a KVM syscall wrapper for sched_setaffinity()Sean Christopherson
Add and use a KVM wrapper for sched_setaffinity() so that selftests don't need to manually assert that the syscall succeeded. No functional change intended. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731195612.2697986-2-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31Merge tag 'trace-tools-v7.2-rc5' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace Pull RTLA fix from Steven Rostedt: - Fix timerlat top actions triggering on signal Fix a bug in RTLA's timerlat top actions feature where on-threshold actions are triggered on any signal, regardless of whether a latency spike had actually occurred during the measurement. The return retval was checked for non-zero to do actions. But if a signal came in, it returns a negative and actions were being incorrectly triggered when they should not have been. * tag 'trace-tools-v7.2-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace: rtla/timerlat_top: Fix on-threshold actions firing on signal
2026-07-31selftests/bpf: Cover commuted pointer state propagationYiyang Chen
Add verifier coverage for the three cases affected by preserving the full pointer state across scalar += pointer: stack frame number inheritance, readonly-untrusted memory access, and dynptr data-slice invalidation. Signed-off-by: Yiyang Chen <chenyy23@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn> Tested-by: Daniel Wade <danjwade95@gmail.com> Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260729-c3-035-public-bpf-v4-v4-4-8ee297e2346b@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
2026-07-31KVM: selftests: Only link to VFIO library on x86Sean Christopherson
Link to the VFIO library only on architectures where it's actually needed, i.e. only on architectures that support irq_test, which is currently x86-only. The irq_test series, which pulled in VFIO support, effectively raced with commit e65f1bf8a2db ("vfio: selftests: Extend container/iommufd setup for passing vf_token"). I.e. when the KVM test was posted, pulling in libvfio.mk didn't require linking to any new libraries other than VFIO itself. Now that libvfio.mk pulls in luuid, unconditionally linking in support for VFIO is quite onerous, especially when cross-compiling, as it requires installing what is effectively an unused library on four architectures. Eventually KVM selftests will likely support irq_test and thus need to link to VFIO on architectures other than x86, but at least then there will be some amount of gain for the pain. Fixes: a262fc49e0aa ("KVM: selftests: Build and link selftests/vfio/lib into KVM selftests") Cc: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com> Cc: Josh Hilke <jrhilke@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730165159.1988017-1-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-07-31Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-07-30-19-30' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton: "12 hotfixes. 6 are cc:stable. 9 are for MM. There's a two-patch series from Nico which fixes a couple of PMD level mTHP accounting bugs and a two-patch series from Chris Gellermann which addresses mishandling of getline() in selftests. All the remainder are singletons - please see the changelogs for details" * tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-07-30-19-30' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: selftests/mm: fix potential wild pointer access of getline due to missing init selftests/clone3: fix wild pointer access of getline due to missing init mm/page_reporting: use system_freezable_wq to fix UAF during suspend mm: vmscan: abort proactive reclaim early when freezing for suspend MAINTAINERS: update Nico Pache's email address arm64, mailmap: update email address for Peter Collingbourne MAINTAINERS: update address for Burak Emir mm/huge_memory: unlock i_mmap_rwsem before releasing after-split folios riscv/mm: use physical alignment for vmemmap_start_pfn mm/migrate: exclude hugetlb folios from MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON accounting mm: decrement MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON in free_zone_device_folio() mm: memcg: initialize *locked in memcg1_oom_prepare() stub
2026-07-31selftests/verification: Add selftests for deadline and stall monitorsGabriele Monaco
Add selftests to verify deadline monitors don't fail under expected conditions and the stall monitor report violations only when expected. Reviewed-by: Nam Cao <namcao@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260723074534.43521-18-gmonaco@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>
2026-07-31selftests/verification: Rearrange the wwnr_printk testGabriele Monaco
The wwnr_printk test expects no reactions in some situations, after fixing the bash assertion, the test is failing because expecting no reaction after a previous step had reactions is flaky without making sure all buffers are flushed. Wait for reactions to be over when expected by polling dmesg for an interval without any rv message. Also simplify the load function to stop loads as soon as a reaction occurs, this limits the number of lines to flush and makes tests overall faster and more stable. Reviewed-by: Wen Yang <wen.yang@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Nam Cao <namcao@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260723074534.43521-17-gmonaco@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>
2026-07-31selftests/verification: Fix wrong errexit assumptionGabriele Monaco
RV selftest rely on bash errexit (set -e) to terminate with error, when a step is expected to return false, the following syntax is used: ! cmd This however prevents the test from exiting when cmd is false (desired) but doesn't exit if cmd is true, since commands prefixed with ! are explicitly excluded from errexit. Use the syntax ! cmd || false Which ends up checking the exit value of ! cmd and supplies a false command for errexit to evaluate. Reviewed-by: Wen Yang <wen.yang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Nam Cao <namcao@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260723074534.43521-16-gmonaco@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>
2026-07-31verification/rvgen: Add selftests for rvgen kunitGabriele Monaco
The rvgen kunit command patches monitor files and adds necessary definitions for kunit tests. Add a test case validating its behaviour on dummy generated files and comparing it against reference files, like it's done for rvgen monitor. Reviewed-by: Nam Cao <namcao@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260723074534.43521-11-gmonaco@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>